Anatomy of the State

Published in 1974
Murray Rothbard

Murray Rothbard (1926-1995) was an American economist and political theorist who advocated for Libertarianism and Austrian economics, and founded anarcho-capitalism. In Anatomy of the State, Rothbard critiques the nature of government, arguing that it operates as a coercive institution that exploits society.

What the State Is

"Briefly, the State is that organization in society which attempts to maintain a monopoly of the use of force and violence in a given territorial area; in particular, it is the only organization in society that obtains its revenue not by voluntary contribution or payment for services rendered but by coercion. While other individuals or institutions obtain their income by production of goods and services and by the peaceful and voluntary sale of these goods and services to others, the State obtains its revenue by the use of compulsion; that is, by the use and the threat of the jailhouse and the bayonet. Having used force and violence to obtain its revenue, the State generally goes on to regulate and dictate the other actions of its individual subjects." (p. 11)